Notes of Class 9th and 10th

Notes of English class 10th

Composition

 

Unforgettable Moments in My Life

There had been many unforgettable moments in my life. I would like to mention one of these.
Once I was traveling from Karachi to Lahore by train. I was in first class, so there were only few passengers, with me. At a particular station, they all got off. Now I was completely alone in the compartment.
After sometime, a smart lady entered the compartment and sat next to me. She had a very clever plan to rob me. She said to me that if I did not hand over all the money to her which I had, she would complain to the railway police that I had robbed her. When I heard this dreadful speech I was completely and absolutely pass puzzled. I hit a plan to save myself from the wicked plan of that lady. I therefore pretended that I was a deaf and a dumb fellow and requested to write in a piece of page what she wanted to say. She gladly wrote her demand on the piece of paper and handed it to me. I change my seat and took the piece of writing. The railway police come and asked as what the matter was. The women as clever as she was burst into admits so she told that I had robber her of a thousand rupees. At first he seemed to believe in her story, but when I gave the piece of writing to the police, the women turned pale. She was caught red-handed and this way I saved from her wicked plan.

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Pakistan As You See in the 21st Century

When the Muslims of India demanded a separate homeland for themselves, many people thought that the establishment of Pakistan was impossible. But Pakistan did come into being. It has not only survived many difficulties but has also made great progress in every field. Its survival and development have surprised all.

We would like to see Pakistan at its best in 21st century, in the past years we enabled and demoralize.
Unfortunately, Pakistan has not been politically very stable. But there is no need for despair. The people Pakistan agree on fundamental issues and priorities.
In the economic field, hopes must be brighter. In 1947, we were a poor agricultural country growing a few crops. Very soon our country began to be industrialized. Its dependence on agriculture would be lessened.
Pakistan has taken a very short period in becoming a semi-industrial country. This fact gives us the hope that there would be even faster development in the coming years. We have step in computer world and the other modern technology and expected that in 21st century the computer will be the part of every department even the advancement is expected because the new coming generation is comparatively more intelligent than before. The modern schools and institutions are preparing the staff better than the before. We have already entered in manufacturing of many modern electronic equipment in future like in 21st century Insha Allah Pakistan will send settelite in space. Pakistani scientist will conquer the space. As the Allama Iqbal saying there is more world after the stars.
All these hopes are not just wild dreams. They have a solid foundations. They are founded on the fact that people of Pakistan are intensely devoted to their country. They want to make it a great country and for this, they are ready to make every effort and sacrifice. Moreover, they are true Muslims with firm faith in Allah.

 

 

Importance of Science As a Subject in Curriculum

The nature has many secrets buried in it. It is the science which has scratched the mask from the face of nature. Science has always helped the man in every chamber of life. The importance of science as a subject in school curriculum can be understood from the fact that science acts as a pillar in the man’s knowledge and when the youths are provided with this pillar from the very beginning, they are sure to be successful. Through this subject students are able to know the process going on in nature. The understanding of science gives the students the actual concept of phenomenon that is what is going on behind a particular process. The students can make a great increment in their knowledge by having a deep study on science, so that they are able to know the general activities.
Hence the science is a very useful guide which introduces the students with the techniques of nature.

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A Picnic

 

We were given a special holiday after our annual prize distribution. So me and my friends made a programme and set out accordingly for the picnic at the beach in the morning. We reached there at 9′O clock. We unpacked our things in a hut. My friends wanted to go for boating so we hired a boat to carry us to the island of Manora. We decided to do fishing so we all started with great hopes but only a small quantity of fish was caught. We reached the island after enjoying ourselves on the sea. We cooked the fish and enjoyed a grand lunch. In the evening we had tea and spent a good time till the sunset.
We waded in water. Waves after waves were coming and passing us finally splashing on land. We also rode the horses and camels, it was very exciting.
The scene of the setting sun was really superb. As the sun sank we packed our things and after few minutes were back with the memories of the whole day to cur heart’ desire.

 

Importance of Trees

Trees and plants are living things. They grow form seed and after a training maturity they die. Trees are of significant importance for us. We cannot under estimate their value in our surroundings. Trees adorn our surroundings. They produce oxygen without which we cannot live. They are source of fruits and cereals for us. Trees provide us wood which we use in building houses and furniture. Wood of trees is used as fuel. They play vital role in changing climate of a region. Many useful medicines are prepared from herb and plants for removing our ailments. Trees are a bounty for us and we should grow them where ever we can.

 

Life in a Big City

“God made country Men made the town.”
Pakistan is a land of diverse beauty with 70% of her population living in villages spread all over the land and the rest live in cities and towns.
Life in city is very fast and busy one. Take life of people in big cities like Karachi, Lahore, Rawal Pindi or Peshawar. It is of course, not free from tension, worries and problems. The main problems are urbanization, housing, transport, shortage of water and pollution. People living in big cities do not get pure food like milk, butter, cheese and curd. They gets stale vegetables to eat. Another deadly and frightening problem that has recently waled freely into big cities is terrorism. This problem has shaken the mind and disturbed the peace of every citizen.
People living in big cities are generally selfish and self centered. They do not fellow feelings in them. The population is divided into classes the rich, middle class and the poor.
Although there are better opportunities and scope for education, health and jobs in a big city but as a whole life in a big city is full of hazards, problems, corruption and crimes.

 

My Favourite Hobby

A hobby can be almost anything a person like to do in his spare time. Because the “Idle Mind is Devil’s workshop” therefore those who have developed a hobby never need to worry about what to do with their newly founded leisure hours.
Every person in the world has a hobby of his own. There are many kinds of hobbies such as gardening, stamp collecting, hiking, coin collecting, photography, listening to music and so forth. Girls to pursue some hobbies. Their hobbies differ from those of the boys. Girls mostly like hobbies such as cooking, stitching dresses, painting and listening to music.
Among all the hobbies mentioned above I like painting. It is a subtle hobby. Whenever I get time I sit down with my paint box, canvas, brushes and paint beautiful landscape. My hobby does not infringe on the rights of other people. It is not a noisy hobby like music. I can also earn money by selling my paintings to lover of fine arts. My hobby fills my heart with joy and colours and there it is my favourite hobby.
Sir Wilham Osler said:
“No man is really happy or safe without a hobby.”

 

Health is Wealth

No one can deny the fact that healthy man live happily. Money or wealth cannot give a person all the happiness of life as health can. A person may have wealth, cars, servants at his service and a big house to life in cannot enjoy all these blessings without a good health. Where as a person with small income, with no servant for work and small house to live in but a healthy body enjoy a fuller life in the world.
For good health and for looking younger and living longer one must follow few good principles of life. To remain healthy we should eat balance diet. Take little exercise everyday. Let not worries crowd our mind and shake our nervous system. We should not allow ill thoughts bring agony to our mind. We should live in clear and neat surrounding. We must become early risers and never go to bed very late.
Good health is a precious thing and every step must be taken to guard it. Early to bed early to rise makes all men healthy, wealthy and wise.

 

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My Aim in Life

Every one has an aim in life but those who do not have are dull souls and they curse their life for all time. In other words we can say a person without an aim in life is like a car without a driver. People have different aims in life. Some aspire to become rich, some like to become doctor, engineers, business men, executives in a big company, banker, lawyer, musician, artist and so forth.
I desire to lead a life different from others. I don’t crave fro wealth not like to serve people as doctor or like who say that they want to become a teacher and spread light and knowledge.
My ambition in life may sound odd to you. I like to become a comedian. It is not an easy task to become a comedian. Only one person out of million can become a good comedian. People in our country belonging to different class and age live a very depressed life. All have problems and they give me a gloomy look. I I can become a comedian and make my people cheerful or bring some happy moments in their sad life. i think I would have really rendered great service to my nation. After Lehri, we have two such people like Moen Akhter and Omer Sharif in our country who made sad people’s life cheerful. I always dream to become a great comedian and pray to God to help me fulfill my goal in life.

 

A Street Accident

I read about road accidents in newspaper every day. They bring agony to our mind and also to the relatives of victims, but till the day I had not seen an accident with my own eyes. By God what a terrible sight it was!
It was in the short hour of one evening I was going along Burns Road to buy a pen for my examination which was going to commence next week. At Denso Hall I was waiting for the traffic to clear off so that I could safely cross the road. A bus was also running along the road and it was trying to overtake a private car a head of it. All of a sudden driver lost the control of steering and rammed against a horse carriage. The driver of the hackney carriage fell down and the bus crushed him. The passengers in the hackney carriage escaped death with some injuries. The horse was also badly wounded and it was looking for his master. The injured were rushed immediately to a nearby hospital.
People gathered at the scene of accident. Some showing sympathy for the victim, some abusing the bus driver and some advising others to be very careful while on a road.
I left the scene with a sorrowful heart for the driver of the carriage who unfortunately lost his life in that accident.

 

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Responsibilities of a Good Student

Students are the future hopes of any country. Much development and progress of the country depends upon them. Students are the backbone of a nation.
There are many responsibilities of a good student. The major one is that he/she should take keen interest in his/her studies. Moreover good student should also take part in games as “All work and no paly make Jack a dull boy.” Besides this student should also take part in the scout activities so as to help other fellow students.
A good student should also make effort to develop the sense of responsibility in other fellow mates. He/She should also try to keep his/her locality clean.
A good student should be loyal and obedient to the teachers because “Obedience is the key to the door of success.”
A good student must know the true meaning of trust, self esteem, obedience and confidence. MOreover a good student should always keep away from the politics of big power.

 

Computer a Curse or Blessing

Computer is a modern and best invention in the world. As the time goes on computer goes on developing. computer is used in industries, offices, schools and research work. We can get all information through the Internet. Today computers are found every where.
Here are the few examples of areas in which computers are used. computer helps in offices to store all kind of information and we take back information from its memory as we require. Computer makes calculations of all sorts, prepare business letters and books. Computer is used in billing departments. Airlines and Railways use computer Technology in making tickets for the passenger, keeping and updating the departure and arrival timings of planes and trains.
Computers are being used to conduct lessons for all subject, students are learning through computers by reading as well as seeing diagrams on screen. Computer are helping the doctors to detect disease and keep information about patient.
Everything has its advantages as well as disadvantages. The workers which works in factories and industries are no more needed because of automatic processing and work in these factories and industries thus creating deficiencies in job opportunities.

 

 

Application

 

 

To Principal Asking Permission for Visiting Pakistan Steel Mills and Making Necessary Arrangement for Transport

 

The Principal,
X-Y-Z School, Karachi
SUBJECT: PERMISSION TO VISIT PAKISTAN STEEL MILLS.

Dear Sir,
With due respect, I beg to say that the students of our class wanted to visit Pakistan Steel Mills Karachi. We shall be accompanied by three of our senior teachers. This trip will be a beneficial trip for us, from which we can make increment in our knowledge by watching how machines actually work. We can also pick a valuable information for the forth-coming technical exhibition.
We will be grateful to you if you allow us to visit Pakistan Steel Mills and make necessary arrangements for transport.
Thanking You.

Your’s faithfully,
Students of Class X

4th September, 1998

 

 

To the Principal Asking for Character Certificate

The Principal,
X-Y-Z School, Karachi
SUBJECT: NEED FOR CHARACTER CERTIFICATE.

Respected Sir,
I have the honour to inform you that I have passed the Matric with A Grade from your school. Now for taking admission in the college I shall need a character certificate.
I, therefore, request you to issue me a character certificate. I’ll be grateful to your this act of kindness.

Your’s Obediently,
X-Y-Z.

4th September, 1998

 

To the Principal for Sick Leave

To,
The Headmistress,
ABC High School,
Clifton,
Karachi.
SUBJECT: APPLICATION FOR SICK LEAVE.

Respected Madam,
I am a student of class IX of your school and has been suffering from cold and fever since yesterday.
I am under treatment of my family doctor who has advised me bed rest for two more days.
In the light of my aliment, I would request to grant me sick leave for three days and for this act of your’s I shall remain ever grateful to you.
Thanking you once again for your favour.

Your Obedient Student,
X-Y-Z.

4th September, 1998

 

 

 

To the Principal Asking Him for the Transfer Certificate

To,
The Headmistress,
X-Y-Z School,
Saddar,
Karachi
SUBJECT: NEED FOR TRANSFER CERTIFICATE.

Respected Madam,
I am a student of your school studying in class IX at present, I feel extremely sorry to inform you that I shall not be able to prolong my studies in your esteemed school as my father is leaving with all the members of his family to Oman in connection with a job.
Therefore under the above circumstances, I would request you to issue me a Transfer Certificate which will enable me to seek admission in a school in Oman.

Thanking You for your anticipation in this regard.

Your’s Obediently,
X-Y-Z.

4th September, 1998

 

 

To the Headmistress Requesting Her to Grant Your Leave of Absence for Six Days for Attending Marriage Ceremony of Your Cousin.

To,
The Headmistress,
ABC High School,
Hyderi,
Karachi
SUBJECT: REQUEST TO GRANT LEAVE TO ATTEND MARRIAGE CEREMONY.

Respected Madam,
I am writing to inform you that marriage of my cousin is going to be solemnized on 11th September 1998 at Hyderabad.
My parents and other relatives are leaving for Hyderabad on 6th September, 1998 to attend the marriage.
Therefore Madam, I would request you to grant me leave of absence from 6th September, 1998 till 12th September, 1998 of the same month so that I can join the happy celebrations in traditional style.
Thanking You for act of kindness in this regard.

Your’s Obediently,
X-Y-Z.

 

 

 

To Headmistress of Your School Requesting Her to Grant a Concession in School Fee

To,
The Headmistress,
ABC High School,
Saddar,
Karachi
SUBJECT: REQUEST FOR THE CONCESSION IN FEE.

Respected Madam,
I am a student of your school studying in class IX. I am very keen to continue with my study but the financial condition of my family is very poor and it is becoming a hinderance.
My father is a school teacher and earns a very little amount from his work. More over due to inflation it has become difficult for my father to afford my education.
Madam, from the school record you will find that I have obtained excellent marks in S.S.C part 1 and hope to pass in grade A-1 in final part of same examination.
In the light of the above circumstances, I would request you to grant me concession in my school fee.

Thanking You for your anticipation in this regard.

Your Obedient Student,
X-Y-Z.

 

 

 

Letters



 

To Uncle Thanking Him for the Birthday Present

 

Examination Hall,
Karachi.
4th September, 1998

My Dear Uncle,
I received your telegram full of blessings and a parcel delivered to me by a postman containing a beautiful Omega watch.
Your present reminds me of your deep affection that you have in your heart for me. I liked the watch you has sent for me. I really needed a watch this time. How nice of you that you have fulfilled my need. I shall consider it a precious thing like a diamond. It will also make me punctual.
Uncle I missed you very much in the happy occasion of my birthday. I have taken many photographs and will send some of the prints to you.
My letter is getting long. Allow me to close my letter here.
With regards an good wishes to you.

Your’s affectionately
X-Y-Z

 

To Your Friend Requesting Him To Lend Camera To You

Examination Hall,
Karachi.
4th September, 1998

My Dear friend,
I hope you will be fine and by the grace of Almighty God I am also in good health and spirit.
I am accompanying my parents to some sight seeing places in Thatta, Hyderabad and Khairpur. I need a good camera for taking photograph while on tour.
I know that you own a Maya Camera. So could you please lend me your camera for few days.
I will take at most care of it while it will be in my custody and shall return you to its original condition.
I hope you will not turn down my request when I will come in a day or two to collect it from you.
With regards an good wishes to you.

Your Sincere Friend,
X-Y-Z

 

 

To Your Friend Requesting Her/Him To Spend Summer Vacations With You

Examination Hall,
Karachi.
4th September, 1998

My Dear Friend,
For a long time we did not correspond with each other. I hope you are in good health and by the grace of Almighty God I am also hale and hearty here.
I am especially writing this letter to you for a particular purpose. My parents have planned to visit some historical places in Sindh. In middle of this month. I am ware of the fact that your school has closed down for summer vacations so how about visiting us in Karachi and accompanying me with my parents on all excursion. We shall have a topping time visiting places in Sindh and going out for shooting birds.
I hope you will like my suggestion and let me know of your programme by return of mail.
Allow me to close my letter here with good wishes and good luck to you.

Your’s affectionately
X-Y-Z

 

 

To Your Friend Inviting Her/Him On Your Birthday Party

Examination Hall,
Karachi.
4th September, 1998

My Dear Friend,
I heard that you have returned from States recently. How was your stay there. Your sister wrote to me several letters and I promptly replied to her.
Any how let me come to the point of my letter. I am celebrating my fourteenth birthday on 28th of December. I have invited almost all friend whom you know very well. The venue of the party is my residence and time is 5 pm.
May I take this opportunity to informally invite you to attend my birthday party on date and time mentioned as above.
We shall have a topping time and it will be a great pleasure for me to feel your presence at the party.
I shall eagerly be looking forward to your attending my birthday party.
With good wishes and good luck to you.

Your’s affectionately
X-Y-Z

 

 

To Your Friend Telling Him Your Inability to Join Him On A Picnic

Examination Hall,
A-B-C Road,
Karachi.
4th September, 1998

Dear Friend,
Assalam-o-Alaikum,
Hope you are enjoying the best of health. I am also enjoining the life by the grace of Almighty Allah.
Last week you dropped me a letter in which you’ve invited me to join you on a picnic point. Truly I am very much in the favour of this invitation but due to an appointment with my family physician I cannot give my time to you. I do believe that we will have a joyous time but as my health is not so progressive that’s why I am not in a state to join you on the picnic. Sorry for refusing and hurting your feelings.
I do hope that you will forgive me. Give my regards to your parents.

Your Loving Friend,
X-Y-Z

 

To Your Friend Telling Him About Your Hobby

Examination Hall,
A-B-C Road,
Karachi.
4th September, 1998

My dear Nomee,
I am well here and hopping the same for you.

Last week you dropped me a letter in which you asked me about my hobby. My hobby is making models of aircraft. Aero-modeling is an interesting hobby to me because when you think over new techniques during modeling, your mind is pushed towards the creative work and new ideas re developed. Aero-modeling can also be a paying hobby. We can send some of our best models for competition and not only get prizes but also get a good name.
I think this is enough. Now I will finish my letter. Give my regards to your parents.

Your Loving Friend,
X-Y-Z

 

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To Your Father Asking for Money To Buy New Uniform and Books

Examination Hall,
A-B-C Road,
Karachi.
4th September, 1998

Dear Father,
Assalam-o-Alaikum,
Hope you will be fine. I am well too by the grace of Almighty Allah.
I’ve written this letter because I urgently need a sum of money. As you know that I’ve passed my S.S.C part I Exams and now I am in class X. I shall have to may my admission fees and also buy necessary books and uniform. I shall need about one thousand rupees. I hope you will not mind sending me this amount of money.
I hope you are enjoying the best of health.

Your Loving Friend,
X-Y-Z

 

 

To Your Friend Inviting Him to Spend Summer Vacations With You

Examination Hall,
A-B-C Road,
Karachi.
4th September, 1998

Dear Friend,
I am well here and hopping the same for you.
As you know that our vacations has started. I’ve written this letter to invite you to spend your vacations with me in Karachi. It will be a great pleasure for me. We shall be visiting different places in Karachi in which includes Clifton, Aladdin Park, Sindbad and many other such places. I assure you that this will be an enjoyable experience for you.
I hope you will think over my request. Give my wishes to your parents.

Your Loving Friend,
X-Y-Z

 

 

To Your Father Asking Him To Send Some Money For Buying Books

Examination Hall,
A-B-C Road,
Karachi.
4th September, 1998

My Dear Father,
Assalam-o-Alaikum,
Many thanks for your kind letter which I received sometimes back. I was very much please to read it. My result was declared one week ago. You will be glad to know that I have come out successful. I have stood third in my class. I am now in class IX in which news books have been prescribed. These are very costly and I have to buy them all. As classes will start from the next month I would need some money immediately for the purchase of books.
Kindly, therefore send Rs.1000/- by money order as soon as possible. So that I may buy these articles with out delay.
All is Ok. Please convey my compliments to all the members of the family and love to Mummy.
With best wishes.

Your Loving Daughter,
X-Y-Z

 

 

To Younger Brother, Advising Him to Take Part In Games

Examination Hall,
A-B-C Road,
Karachi.
4th September, 1998

My Dear Brother,
Assalam-o-Alaikum,
Hope you are in the midst of good health and everyone at home is hale an hearty. I was pained to hear from your friend that you do not take part in games in your school. Oh! dear brother do not forget that all work and no play makes you a dull boy. For achieving good results in your studies you must also developed good body besides a brilliant mind. Games will keep you fit and help you too in your studies. So please do take part in sports arranged at your school.
I hope you will follow my good advice and act upon it.
Allow me to close my letter here with best wishes to you.

Your affectionately,
X-Y-Z

 

 

To Editor Complaining About Load-Shedding

Examination Hall,
A-B-C Road,
Karachi.
4th September, 1998

The Editor,
X-Y-Z News,
Karachi.
Subject: Complaint for Load-Shedding
Venerable Sir,
Will you please oblige me by allowing some space for my letter in the columns of your Daily —–.
I live in one of the commercial area of F.B.Area. The most pressing problem which the resident of my area are facing is load shedding. Electricity does not come seven hours in a day. This whole locality is emersed in darkness soon after sunset. Students can’t read and thieves take advantage from this situation.
Hoping for a positive anticipation by the concerned authorities in the crying need of my area.

Your’s sincerely,
X-Y-Z,
Resident of F.B.Area

 

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The Man Who Wins

 

Central Idea

Though the poet for this poem is anonymous but it breathes out the moral that we should produce in us a strong will power, self-confidence and positive attitude towards life. Once we decides upon an objective and has the will to do something suiting our natural aptitude and use our energies in attaining it, we can work wonders and will surely achieve it.

Summary

This poem emphasizes upon the importance of good thoughts and will power. It is written by an anonymous poet.
It is rightly said that man who thinks can win. Conversely, if your thinking is pasimistic and less practical than it will give negative impression on your deeds. If you want to do something but your thinking is negative, than you will left behind in the race of life.
Our way of actions, way of efficiency depends on the thinking. We always find this rule every where. According to the poet the germs of a personality are the power to get rid of any kind of complexes, widening of thoughts and complete faith and self-confidence.
Life is a kind of war. You have to fight every time while you are living your life. A man with strong will and good thoughts can win over this battle. Strengths of mind and integrity of thoughts are keys of success.
“One can never achieve anything lasting in this world by being irresolute.”

Question and Answers

Q.1 Express line 3 and 4 of the first stanza in your own sentences?
Ans. The poet has conveyed a very powerful message through these lines that if you have good facilities to do something but if your thinking is negative, you will fail to do it. If your thinking is pasimistic and less practical you will get the result in the same way.

Q.2 What according to the poet qualities needed by a person to get success in life?
Ans. The poet has given a good description of the gems of a perfect personality. Power to overcome any kind of complexes, widening of thoughts and complete faith and self-confidence are the basic pillars of success. By these qualities men can struggle with the resistance of life.

Q.3 What are the results according to the poet brought by high thoughts?
Ans. The poet has explained the advantages of high thoughts in a very convincing way that widening of thoughts provides spiritual power to us. Strength of mind and integrity of thoughts are the real rewards of high thoughts. If a person thinks high he can win over the battle of life.

Q.4 What is the message of the poem “The Man who Wins”?
Ans. The poem “The Man Who Wins” discloses the secret of success in life by telling the importance of good, thoughts and will power. Power to overcome any kind of complexes, widening of thoughts and complete faith and self-confidence are the gems of perfect personality. By thinking high a man can winover the battle of life.

 

 

The Customs of Various Regions of Pakistan

 

Question and Answers

Q.1 What sort of people are the Pathans and food of what kind do they like?
Ans. Pathans are enthusiastic warriors and extremities of weather and climate have made them physically very strong. They are famous for their hospitality and men power is taken as their pride in the community. Roast Mutton and spicy tongue are specially like by them.

Q.2 How and why does a tribes man announce the birth of a son?
Ans. A tribes man fires with the rifle to make the birth of son known publicly. He does so because the birth of son is regarded a blessing for them. Men power is taken as their pride in the community.

Q.3 Why is the Punjab called the seat of learning?
Ans. The Punjab is called the seat of learning because centuries ago, many educational, institutions flourished in this region and their import is still continue in the form of schools, colleges and universities. Taxila University, flourished two thousand and five hundred years ago gives a healthy proof that Punjab has always been a seat of learning.

Q.4 Where do the Punjabi farmers sit in the evening?
Ans. The Punjabi farmers sit in Chopals in the evening. They discuss about the weather and crops and also solve their disputes. They also enjoy songs and dances i.e. chopals gathering provides them recreation.

Q.5 What is the result of extreme weather on the lives of Balochis? Why Balochies lead simple nomadic life?
Ans. The extremities of weather unable the Balochis to lead their lives in just one place. They move from place to place in order to escape from the calamities of season. Their daily life is badly effected by weather.

Q.6 Describe a Balochi wedding?
Ans. A Balochi wedding ceremony is to be very joyous and jubilant which provides a joy to the guest. Men and women dance to the lively beat of drums which is considered to be the main heritage of the wedding. The groom feasts his own and bride’s guests.

Q.7 How old is the civilization of valley of Mehran and name the university existed that time?
Ans. The Valley of Mehran is one of the ancient civilization of the world which had life in 2500 B.C. It’s ancient city Moen-jo-Daro’s ruins speak of the highly developed society that existed there about 5000 years ago. The University of Taxila existed that time.

Q.8 Who are the famous saints of Sindh?
Ans. Lal Shahbaz Qalander and Shah Abdul Latif Bhitai are the famous saints of Sindh. These mystic poets and saints preached the message of Allah in a very convincing way. Their poetry is an important aspect of our culture.

Q.9 What are the famous crafts of Sindh?
Ans. Most of the crafts of Sindh emerged from the embroidery which is praised all over the country as well as in foreign countries. These handicrafts include dresses embroided with silk thread, beads and mirror. Mirror work is also done on purses and cushions.

Q.10 How are the marriages arranged and wedding ceremonies performed among Pathans?
Ans. The Pathans believe in arranged marriages which are done by their elders. Wedding ceremonies are celebrated with great vehemence in which guests make rhythmical movement to the beats of drum.

Q.11 Why is the Punjab called “Heart of Pakistan”?
Ans. Quaid-e-Azam declared Punjab as “Heart of Pakistan” because of its geographical and knowledge importance. It is a land of five rivers and seat of learning. The religious glimpse in the region is cleared from the fact that shrines of saints and holy men the living glory of Pakistan.

Q.12 What is an Urs and how it is celebrated?
Ans. Urs is the death or birth anniversary of mystic poets which is celebrated in a religious manner. People gather at the shrines and sing devotional songs. They attend the fairs connected with these urs.

Q.13 What is the importance of culture?
Ans. This lesson emphasizes upon the importane of culture for any nation. For any civilization called cultured is an important thing. As it is said that “A person without a heritage is just like a fiddler sitting on an inclined roof.”

Q.14 What is sandy and where it is used?
Ans. Sandy is sort of coal store which is used in extreme cold weather. Sandy with a little burning coal in the middle of the room which provide heat to the people. This instrument is common in Baluchistan.

‘Q.15 Write the main theme of this lesson?
Ans. This lesson tells us the fact that Pakistan is very rich in diversities of custom. It shows us that how people of different regions of our country lead their lives in connection with their customs. This cultural legacy is the basic identity of Pakistan.

Q.16 What do you know about Pakistani culture?
Ans. Pakistani culture comprises of different colourful customs which include religious festivals, lively marriage celebrations, arts and handicrafts. Pakistani culture is also embroided with the thread of simplicity and hospitality. This collective manifestation of customs and traditions mostly emerged from history which re the basic identity of Pakistan.

Fill in the Blanks

    The birth of a son is therefore, regarded as a great blessing for the family.
    2. The Pathans of the north are steady and warlike.
    3. People from all over the country participate in the “URs” and sing devotional songs.
    4. They will protect a visitor at the cost of their own lives.
    5. The favourite food of the people is meat.
    6. Roast mutton and Chapli Kababs are popular dishes.
    7. Most festivals in Sindh, as in Punjab are of religious nature.
    8. Sheep are bred in large herds on the green slopes of the northern regions.
    9. The rock area is mostly barren.
    10. The ancient city of Moen-jo-Daro dates back to 2500 BC.

Idioms

    To see eye to eye with someone: To have the same opinion, or to agree with
    Example:Management seldom see eye to eye with Labour.
    Sentence:The opposition saw eye to eye when the Government is passing the bill against 8th amendment.
  1. To turn a deaf ear to: To pay no attention to
    Example:The employee kept pleading his case but the manager turned a deaf ear to it.
    Sentence:Paksitan has raised Kashmir issue several times in the United Nations but it had turned a deaf ear to it.
  2. A black sheep: A bad character in an other wise good group
    Example:Our school has produced very good citizens but there are black sheep too.
    Sentence:We should point at the black sheep of the society.
  3. To take to task: To call to account, to blame, to rebuke
    Example:Those who are corrupt will have to be taken to task of their doings.
    Sentence:The manager was taken to task of his mis-dealings in the accounts of bank.
  4. Far and wide: over a large area.
    Example:This tour will take you over far and wide of the country.
    Sentence:People from far and wide places came to see to newly born baby of the Kangaroo in the zoo.
  5. At large: at liberty, or free.
    Example:The politician is popular at large.
    Sentence:People at large condemned the opening of wine shops in their locality.

 

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There’s A Good Time Coming

 

Summary

Reference
This poem is written by Charles Mackay (1814-1889), a Scottish song writer. He was born in Perth. His mother died while he was an infant. He went to school in Brussels in 1828 and began writing verses in both English and French in 1880. He returned to London and worked for the “Morning Chronicle” till 1884 and then became editor of “Argus”. Besides his extremely popular songs, some of which still live, Mackay wrote books on travel, history and biography and was a good all round journalist.

Theme
“Hope Sustains the World.”

Summary

This poem is written by an Scottish poet Charles Mackay. This poem exhibits the strong assurity of the poet, being optimistic and religious that there once will day when everyone will enjoy the basic rights. The good time will prevail. The whole world regardless of area. Destructive weapons which are used to prove the truth shall be replaced by the good thoughts. The power of pen will exceed the power of sward i.e. the power will be used in positive spin.
Everyone will be free to enjoy his basic rights. The people will be respected on the virtue of their worth. There will be no extra support to walk over the ladder of life. Moral values like merit, privileges will hold the ground in that time.
It would be such an ideal time that no body will praise the wars to protect the material comb. The people will disgust the war because of unfairness and injustice.
In the end the poet has tied the hopes with humanity that by working together we can revolutionize the whole world and can bring the ideal future closer.

Central Idea

The Central Idea of this poem is that an era is to come with there will be no war because there will be a radical change in the outlook of people and nations. The poet Charles Mackay is optimistic that in future nations will agree to code of national behaviour humanity will emerge from the dark nights of wars and destructions and hail down of a new better era of peace and prosperity.

Question and Answers

Q.1 What do you know about the poet “Charles Mackay”?
Ans. Charles Mackay (1814-1889) was born in Scotland. In London, he worked for the “Morning Charnicle” till 1884 and then became editor of “Argus”. Besides his extremely popular songs, some of which still alive and he wrote books on travel, history and biography and was a good all round journalist.

Q.2 Do you agree with the poet that a good time is coming?
Ans. Yes, I agree with the poet that a good time is coming. He rightly said that if we worked together, we can bring the ideal future closer in which truthfulness, peace, Justice and merit will prevail all around the World. s poet tries to explain in his poem that even the lightest deeds dome with sincerity will produce the result naturally.

Q.3 What future does the poet promise for us?
Ans. Charles Mackay being optimistic promises an ideal future for us where there will be complete peace in the World. Good thoughts will be the most strongest weapon to protect the privileges and intellectuals will be the fighter instead of sword. Moral values like merit, worth will hold the ground in that time and people will regard wars as disgusting because of unfairness.

Q.4 Does poet expect us to make some effort of achievement?
Ans. Yes, Charles Mackay has tied strong hopes to us and by giving an initiative, he has asked us to bring the ideal future closer to us. According to poet it is our duty to make our combined efforts to get this goal in a positive and constructive way. In this way we can revolutionize the whole World.

 

 

 

Making A Summary


Question and Answers

Q.1 Give the Summary of the Lesson.
Ans. We use summary to express lengthy material in short steps. A good summary is generally one third of the length. Precise must not look like a collection of disjointed sentences nor should any important or beautiful idea of the original be left. For making a precise, we should keep five skills in mind among which generalizing of ideas is an initial step. Selection of related ideas, compression of lengthy sentences, use of indirect narration and reference of the author counts very much in Precise-writing.

Q.2 What is the significance of Precise-Writing?
Ans. The significance of Precise-writing is clear from the fact tht in this fast moving world, one could not pace up with the advancement of the world, so the man of this century depends mostly upon precise. It is the easiest way to get information at length in shortest possible time by average reading.

Q.3 What are the steps involved in Precise-Writing?
Ans. Precise-writing is used to express prolong material in short steps. A perfect precise can be produced by the combination of five steps among which use of indirect narration and compression of lengthy material are important. The other steps are selection of related ideas, generalizing of ideas and reference of the author.

Grammar

  1. Give One General Word
  2. Football, Cricket, Hockey, Volley ball – Games/Sports
    2. Tables, Chairs, Sofas, Cupboards – Furniture
    3. Snakes, Crocodiles, Lizards – Reptiles
    4. Lions, Bears, Tigers – Beasts
    5. Sheep, Goats, Horses, Camels, Donkeys – Cattles
  3. Compress into One Word
  4. That which cannot be done – Impossible
    2. That which cannot be eaten – Inedible
    3. That which cannot be described – Indescribable
    4. That which cannot be conquered – Invincible
    5. That which cannot be read – Illegible
    6. That which cannot be seen – Invisible
    7. That which cannot be avoided – Inevitable
  5. Indirect Speech
  6. “She is lonely”, they say
    Indirect: They say that she is lonely.
  7. “Could it be mended”? they asked.
    Indirect: They asked if it could have been mended.
  8. “Open the suit case”, he said to him.
    Indirect: He ordered him to open the suit-case.
  9. I am unwell”, he says
    Indirect: He tells that he is unwell.
  10. “I was lying”, he confessed.
    Indirect: He confessed that he had been lying.